Gaslighting is a form of manipulation that seeks to sow seeds of doubt in a targeted individual or members of a group, hoping to make targets question their own memory, perception, and sanity. Using persistent denial, misdirection, contradiction, and lying, it attempts to destabilize the target and delegitimize the target’s belief.^[1][2]

Gaslighting is a confidence-faith destroying power Op. Wisdom-Integrative Thinking is a confidence-faith building process whose intention and ultimate result is greater self awareness of the power and reality of Grace-graciousness.