Monetary grace as in the free gift in the form of a universal dividend to everyone 18 and older fills the intertemporal gap between scarce total individual incomes and total prices caused by both monetary and cost inflation. Monetary grace in the form of a discount to retail prices by retail merchants which is rebated back to those merchants and effects not only equilibrium, but price deflation as well. Economists think they have solved or can ignore the factor of Time. They haven’t. Economists think they have factored all of the reasons for price. They haven’t.